Added 20 November 2025.

A look at the Family Scincidae

LIOPHOLIS


Introduction

Liopholis is a genus of medium- to large-sized Australian skinks that was created on the basis of molecular systematics from two species formerly assigned to Egernia. They are live-bearers.




QUICK INDEX


L. guthega

L. inornata, Desert Skink

L. kintorei, Great Desert Skink

L. margaretae, Centralian-/Flinders Ranges Rock Skink

L. modesta, Eastern Ranges Rock Skink

L. montana

L. multiscutata, Heath Skink/ Southern Sand Skink

L. personata, Flinders Ranges Rock Skink

L. pulchra, South Western Rock Skink

L. slateri, Centralian Floodplains Desert Skink

L. striata, Nocturnal Skink

L. whitii, White's Skink

Scientific Name

Common Name

Distribution

Size

Notes

Liopholis

L. guthega

 

Australia (NSW and Victoria)

SVL 11cm

Named in 2003. A very colonial lizard: large colonies share a burrow of networks under boulders and shrubs. Found in rocky areas in woodlands, tussock grasslands and heaths above 1600m. Scalation: smooth. Other: 17-20 subdigital lamellae under 4th toe. Coloration: dorsally blackish brown; pale grey to greyish-brown vertebral and dorsolateral stripes and numerous longitudinal rows of distinct pale spots. Juveniles are darker with indistinct stripes and white to pink spots. [SOURCE: Swan and Wilson]

L. inornata

(Unadorned) Desert Skink

All Australia except Tasmania

6½"


L. kintorei

Great Desert Skink/ Kintore's Skink

Northern Territory, South and Western Australia

16"


L. margaretae

Centralian-/Flinders Ranges Rock Skink

Northern Territory and Southern Australia

8.5"

Click here for a picture. Subspecies personata is now considered a full species.

L. m. margaretae

Margaret's Rock Skink

L. m. personata

Flinders Ranges Rock Skink

L. modesta

Eastern Ranges Rock Skink/Scone Skink

New South Wales and Queensland

10"


L. montana

 

Australia (NSW and Victoria)

SVL 11cm

Named in 2003. A colonial lizard: colonies share a burrow of networks under rocks. Found in areas of granite associated with tall open forest and heath. Scalation: smooth. Other: 19-25 subdigital lamellae under 4th toe. Coloration: dorsally reddish brown; vertebral area greyish-brown; dorsal pattern absent or consists of 2 rows of dark brown marbling; dorsolaterally black with 1 or more rows of pale spots. Juveniles have prominent white spots alternating with dark stripes; this pattern fades with age. [SOURCE: Swan and Wilson]

L. multiscutata

Heath Skink/ Southern Sand Skink

Victoria, South and Western Australia

?"

Of the two subspecies, the nominate form is known only from a limited range.

L. m. multiscutata

Insular Many-scaled Skink

Greenly Island, South Australia

?"

L. m. bos

Southern Many-Scaled Skink

Victoria, South and Western Australia

?"

L. personata

Flinders Ranges Rock Skink



Formerly considered a subspecies of L. modesta.

L. pulchra

South Western Rock Skink

Western Australia

?"

Both subspecies have a fairly limited range.

L. p. pulchra

Werner's Skink

Islands off Jurien Bay, W Australia

?"

L. p. longicauda

Jurien Bay Skink

SW Western Australia

?"

L. slateri

Centralian Floodplains Desert Skink

Northern Territory and Southern Australia, possibly Queensland

?"


L. s. slateri

Slater's Skink

S Northern Territory

?"

L. s. virgata

Saltbush Skink

N Southern Australia

?"

L. striata

Nocturnal Desert Skink

Northern Territory, South and Western Australia

?"

Click here for a picture by Eric Pianka.

L. whitii

White's Skink

Australia

10"

Possibly 2-3 subspecies, but the non-nominate form L. w. tenebrosa is disputed. The other is L. w. moniligera, which likewise is not listed in the Reptile Database entry. Description: Head moderate. Curved groove behind the nostril absent or feebly marked; a vertical suture below the nostril; frontonasal in contact with the rostral and frequently also with the frontal; prefrontals sometimes forming a median suture; frontal not twice as long as broad, as long as or a little longer than the frontoparietal; four or five supraoculars, second largest; eight to ten supraciliaries; fifth and sixth, or sixth and seventh upper labials below the eye; three large temporals; one or two pairs of nuchals. Ear-opening nearly as large as the eye-opening, with three or four obtuse lobules anteriorly. Scales smooth, laterals a little smaller than dorsals and ventrals, 32 to 40 round the middle of the body. The adpressed limbs overlap. Digits moderately elongate. Tail more or less distinctly compressed, once and two fifths to once and two thirds the length of head and body; caudal scales smooth. Upper surfaces usually brown or olive-brown, with two dorsal black bands, each bearing a series of small yellowish-white or pale-brown spots; sides with similar black-edged spots or ocelli; lower surfaces pale olive, throat sometimes with black markings. The elegant markings of the upper surfaces may be almost or quite absent. Edge of the eyelids and ear-lobules constantly white. [SOURCE: Boulenger]

L. w. whitii

Australia except Western and Northern Territory

 

L. w. moniligera

Coastal and adjacent areas north of Nowra, New South Wales

 

Bibliography

“Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae)”, Michael G Gardner, Andrew F Hugall, Stephen C Donnellan, Mark N Hutchinson, Ralph Foster, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 154, Issue 4, December 2008, Pages 781–794. The abstract of this paper discusses the phylogenetic analyses on which basis the authors proposed a revised taxonomic framework for the Egernia group.

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