Added 8 April 2026.

The Gymnopthalmidae

Colobosaura



Introduction

A bitypic genus found in Colombia and Venezuela. The species C. mentalis was subsequently reassigned to Acratosaura.

Boulenger characterised the genus as follows: head with large regular shields; frontonasal separating the nasals; prefrontals and frontoparietals present; nostril pierced in the middle of a single nasal. Eyelids developed, lower with a transparent disk. Ear exposed. Limbs well developed, the inner finger rudimentary, clawless. Dorsal scales hexagonal-lanceolate, keeled, imbricate, forming transverse series, similar to the caudals; lateral and ventral scales smooth, rounded, imbricate, the ventrals transversely dilated and forming four longitudinal rows. No collar fold. Tail cylindrical. Females without femoral pores.

I am not aware of these lizards having been kept in captivity.

 

QUICK INDEX

 

C. kraepelini, Chaco Colobosaurua

C. modesta, Bahia Colobosaura


Scientific Name

Common Name

Distribution

Size

Notes

Colobosaura

C. kraepelini

Chaco Colobosaura

Paraguay

TL 10 cm?, SVL 4 cm

This species is distributed in an area of savanna composed of palms, native bunch grasses and scattered islands of semideciduous temperate forest [Cacciali et al]. Description: prefrontals moderately large, forming a clear suture; likewise frontoparietals; interparietals large, as long and wide as the parietals, approximately 1½ times as long as wide. An unpaired chin shield, with two pairs of large chin shields behind, followed by a pair of transversely widened, narrow shields which are separated by two small shields from the adjacent sublabials. Male with 7 femoral pores on each side. 26 scales around midbody; 52 from occiput to beyond the cloacal slit; 27 from the rear chin shields to the anal shields. Tongue with oblique folds. Coloration: reddish-brown above, sides darker, underneath whitish. [SOURCES: Werner 1910]

C. modesta

Bahia Colobosaura

Brazil, Paraguay

 

Description: body elongate ; snout truncate. Frontonasal large, broader than long; prefrontals and frontoparietals small; interparietal narrow, hexagonal; three supraoculars; a loreal; a row of small infraorbitals; temporal shields irregular; two pairs of large chin-shields, in contact, followed by a double row of transversely enlarged gulars. Nuchal scales large, transverse, in two rows, smooth. Coloration: bronze-brown above, with two whitish longitudinal bands; lower surfaces white. [SOURCE: Boulenger]

Bibliography

“Revision of the phylogeny and chorology of the tribe Iphisini with the revalidation of Colobosaura kraepelini Werner, 1910 (Reptilia, Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae)”, Pier Cacciali, Nicolas Martinez, Günther Kohler. ZooKeys 669:89-105 (2017). Redescribes C. kraepelini as the original type specimen was lost.