Added 17 July 2006. Last updated 1 April 2007: corrected Norwegian entry by removing T. helveticus and adding R. lessonae. Our thanks to Per Ole Syvertsen for this correction.

European Herps by Country

This page lists the reptiles and amphibians for each country in Europe. It is indebted in particular to two works, Englemann et al's Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas and the Nöllerts' Die Amphibien Europas. Since both books were published, some new findings have been made in Europe, but more significantly the map has changed as some countries have broken up and boundaries have changed.

Some very minor states such as Monaco and San Marino have been included, more for completeness than anything else. However Iceland and the Faroe Islands have been excluded since neither possess any naturally occurring reptile or amphibian species. Russia (the modern republic, not the old Soviet Union) is included here as much of its geography since the breakup of the old USSR is Palearctic, ie similar to that of Western and Eastern Europe, and many species (particular of lacertid lizards) are found in all three areas (the Common Lizard, Lacerta vivipara, Common Lizard, ranges from Ireland in the West to Siberia in the East). We have denoted those species which are only found east of the Ural mountains. Turkey is likewise included for similar reasons, although most visitors are likely to see only those areas around the Bosphorus or the south coast.

Since they are so few, amphisbaenians (worm-lizards) are listed in the Lizards column with an indication (A) next to them, although strictly speaking they are not lizards. For the time being we are not listing marine turtles, since more properly they belong to the oceans and seas of the world rather than national entities, and there are very few areas within Europe where they come ashore to lay their eggs.

Abbreviations in the text are as follows: AEG = Aegean islands; AZM = Azores and Madeira; BAL = Balearic Islands; CAN = Canary Islands; CH = Channel Islands; COR = Corsica; CRE = Crete; E = East of Ural Mtns; SAR = Sardinia; SIC = Sicily.

^ after a species name means that the current presence of this species within the given country is doubtful or disputed.
[I] after a species name means that this species was introduced by human agency, or widely suspected of being so.

A * next to a country name means that the species listing for this country is incomplete or needs further checking. The absence of any species in a particular field should not be taken as meaning that none exist in that country, unless "None" is stated. Although we have tried to be as thorough as possible in compiling this page, inevitably some change or revision will occur, either through the renaming of species or changes in their ranges. Information on the wildlife of some nations is also less accessible than for others.

We will be linking the species names to their entries elsewhere in the European Reptiles and Amphibians pages. This is a fairly time-consuming procedure, so please bear with us.

QUICK INDEX OF COUNTRIES
Albania Andorra Austria Belarus
Belgium Bosnia Bulgaria Croatia
Cyprus Czech Denmark Estonia
Finland France Germany Greece
Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia
Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia
Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro
Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal
Romania Russia San Marino Serbia
Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden
Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom

Country Newts and Salamanders Frogs & Toads Chelonians (Turtles & Tortoises) Lizards Snakes
Albania  Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Rana balcanica
, Greek Marsh Frog
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana epeirotica
, Epirus Water Frog
Rana graeca,
Balkan Stream Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana sp.

Rana shquiperica, Albanian Pool Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica,
Caspian Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Algyroides nigropunctatus.
Dalmatian Algyroides
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Cyrtodactylus kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta trilineata,
Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Podarcis erhardii
, Erhard's Wall Lizard
Podarcis melisellensis, Dalmatian Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
 
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake 
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Hierophis gemonensis,
Balkan Whip Snake
Hierophis jugularis,
Large Whip Snake Malpolon monspessulanus, Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Andorra Euproctes asper
Salamandra salamandra
, Fire Salamander
Triturus helveticus, Palmate Newt
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
None Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta aurelioi, Aurelio's Rock Lizard?
Lacerta vivipara, Common Lizard?
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard?
Coronella girondica, Southern Smooth Snake?
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake? Vipera aspis, Asp Viper?
Austria  Triturus carnifex, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita, Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis
, Green Toad
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Belarus Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita, Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis
, Green Toad
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder?
Belgium  Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana bedriagae, Levant Water Frog [I]?
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Bosnia Proteus anguinus, Olm 
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt  Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata,
Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana graeca, Balkan Stream Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog 
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Algyroides nigropunctatus. Dalmatian Algyroides Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta oxycephala,
Sharp-Snouted Rock Lizard Lacerta vivipara, Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Bulgaria Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana graeca,
Balkan Stream Frog
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica, Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Cyrtodactylus kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Darevskia praticola,
Meadow Lizard
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta trilineata,
Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Ophisaurus apodus,
Scheltopusik
Ophisops elegans
, Snake-Eyed Lizard
Podarcis erhardi
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
 
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coluber rubriceps
, Reddish Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake 
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Hierophis jugularis,
Large Whip Snake Malpolon monspessulanus, Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Croatia Proteus anguinus, Olm 
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana kl esculenta, Edible Frog Rana kl hispanica, Italian Hybrid Frog?
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana latastei, Lataste's Viper, Italian Agile Frog 
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Algyroides nigropunctatus. Dalmatian Algyroides Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko Lacerta agilis, Sand Lizard
Lacerta bilineata,
Western Green Lizard
Lacerta horvathi,
Horvath's Rock Lizard
Lacerta mosorensis,
Mosor Rock Lizard
Lacerta oxycephala,
Sharp-Snouted Rock Lizard
Lacerta trilineata,
Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard

Ophisaurus apodus, Scheltopusik Podarcis melisellensis, Dalmatian Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis, Wall Lizard 
Podarcis sicula, Italian Wall Lizard
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Hierophis gemonensis,
Balkan Whip Snake Hierophis viridiflavus
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Cyprus None Hyla savignyi, Turkish Tree Frog
Rana bedriagae
, Levant Water Frog [AEG] 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica,
Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin 
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Ablepharus pannonicus
, Asian Snake-Eyed Skink
Acanthodactylus schreiberi
Blanus strauchi,
Anatolian Worm Lizard [A]
Chalcides ocellatus, Ocellated Skink
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Cyrtodactylus kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Novoeumeces schneideri
, Schneider's Skink
Lacerta laevis
Laudakia stellio,
Starred Agama
Mabuya vittata
, Bridled Skink
cypriaca 
Ophisops elegans
, Snake-Eyed Lizard
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Hemorrhois nummifer
, Coin Snake
Hierophis cypriensis
Hierophis viridiflavus
Macrovipera lebetina
, Levantine Viper
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Czech  Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris, Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus montandoni,
Montandon's Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Denmark  Triturus alpestris, Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad

Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana kl esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog 
None Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Estonia  Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana kl esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog 
None  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard 
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder 
Finland  Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog 
None Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard 
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder 
France Euproctus asper, Pyrenean Brook Newt
Euproctus montanus,
Corsican Brook Newt [COR]
Speleomantes ambrosii,
Ambrosi's Cave Salamander
Speleomantes italicus,
Italian Cave Salamander
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra corsica
, Corsican Fire Salamander [COR]
Salamandra lanzai,
Lanza's Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus marmoratus,
Marbled Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
 
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Discoglossus montalentii,
Corsican Painted Frog
Discoglossus pictus,
Painted Frog
Discoglossus sardus, Tyrrhenian Painted Frog [COR]
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Hyla meridionalis,
Stripeless Tree Frog
Hyla sarda
, Tyrrhenian Tree Frog
Pelobates cultripes
, Western Spadefoot Pelobates fuscus, Common Spadefoot
Pelodytes punctatus,
Parsley Frog
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana bergeri, Italian Pool Frog [COR]
Rana catesbiana, American Bullfrog [I]
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana kl esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana kl grafi, Graf's Hybrid Frog
Rana iberica, Iberian Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana perezi, Iberian Water Frog
Rana pyrenaica, Pyrenean Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo hermanni, Hermann's Tortoise
Trachemys scripta, Red-Eared Terrapin [I]
Algyroides fitzingeri [COR]
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Chalcides chalcides,
Italian Three-Toed Skink
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta aranica
, Aran Rock Lizard
Lacerta aurelioi
, Aurelio's Rock Lizard
Lacerta bonnali
, Pyrenean Rock Lizard
Lacerta bedriagae,
Bedriaga's Rock Lizard [COR]
Podarcis hispanica, Iberian Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard
Podarcis tiliguerta, Tyrrhenian Wall Lizard
[COR]
Psammodromus algirus, Large Psammodromus
Psammodromus hispanicus,
Spanish Psammodromus
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Coronella girondica,
Southern Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe scalaris,
Ladder Snake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Malpolon monspessulanus, Montpellier Snake
Natrix maura,
Viperine Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Germany  Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris, Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bombina bombina,
Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Trachemys scripta, Red-Eared Terrapin [I]
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard 
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder 
Greece  Mertensiella luschani, Luschan's Salamander [AEG]
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana balcanica
, Greek Marsh Frog
Rana bedriagae
, Levant Water Frog [AEG]
Rana cerigensis, Karpathos Water Frog [AEG]
Rana cretensis, Cretan Water Frog [CRE]
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana epeirotica
, Epirus Water Frog
Rana graeca,
Balkan Stream Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana
sp
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica, Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Testudo marginata,
Marginated Tortoise
 
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Algyroides moreoticus,
Greek Algyroides
Algyroides nigropunctatus.
Dalmatian Algyroides
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Blanus strauchi,
Anatolian Worm Lizard [A] [AEG]
Chalcides ocellatus, Ocellated Skink
Chamaeleo africanus,
African Chameleon
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Cyrtopodion kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta anatolica
, Anatolian Rock Lizard [AEG]
Lacerta danfordi, Danford's Lizard [AEG]
Lacerta graeca, Greek Rock Lizard
Lacerta trilineata, Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Laudakia stellio,
Starred Agama
Mabuya aurata,
Levant Skink [AEG]
Ophisops elegans, Snake-Eyed Lizard
Ophiomorus punctatissimus,
Limbless Skink
Podarcis erhardii,
Erhard's Wall Lizard
Podarcis gaigae
, Skyros Wall Lizard
Podarcis milensis,
Milos Wall Lizard [AEG]
Podarcis muralis, Wall Lizard
Podarcis peloponnesiaca,
Peloponnese Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus, Scheltopusik
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Vipera lebetina, Levantine Viper [AEG]
Vipera xanthina, Ottoman Viper [AEG]
Eirenis modestus  [AEG]
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Hemorrhois ravergieri
, Spotted Whipsnake [AEG]
Hierophis gemonensis
Hierophis jugularis,
Large Whip Snake
Hierophis najadum,
Dahl's Whip Snake Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Hungary  Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander, Fire Salamander
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana graeca, Balkan Stream Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Hierophis jugularis,
Large Whip Snake Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii, Orsini's Viper
Ireland  Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt    Bufo calamita, Natterjack Toad
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
None  Lacerta vivipara, Common Lizard  None 
Italy Proteus anguinus, Olm
Euproctus platycephalus
, Sardinian Brook Newt [SAR]
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra lanzai,
Lanza's Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Salamandrina terdigitata,
Spectacled Salamander
Speleomantes ambrosii, Mont Albo Cave Salamander [SAR]
Speleomantes flavus, Ambrosi's Cave Salamander
Speleomantes genei
, Gene's Cave Salamander [SAR]
Speleomantes imperialis, Supramontane Cave Salamander [SAR] Speleomantes italicus, Italian Cave Salamander Speleomantes supramontis, Supramontane Cave Salamander [SAR]
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus italicus
, Italian Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Discoglossus pictus,
Painted Frog
Discoglossus sardus, Tyrrhenian Painted Frog [SAR]
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Hyla intermedia,
Italian Tree Frog
Hyla meridionalis,
Stripeless Tree Frog
Hyla sarda
, Tyrrhenian Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelodytes punctatus,
Parsley Frog
Rana bergeri,
Italian Pool Frog
Rana catesbiana
, American Bullfrog [I]
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana graeca,
Balkan Stream Frog
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana kl hispanica, Italian Hybrid Frog
Rana italica
, Italian Stream Frog
Rana latastei,
Lataste's Viper, Italian Agile Frog
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
  
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo graeca, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Testudo marginata,
Marginated Tortoise [SAR]
Trachemys scripta, Red-Eared Terrapin [I]
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Algyroides fitzingeri,
Pygmy Algyroides [SAR]
Algyroides nigropunctatus.
Dalmatian Algyroides
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Blanus strauchi,
Anatolian Worm Lizard [AEG]
Chalcides chalcides,
Italian Three-Toed Skink
Chalcides ocellatus,
Ocellated Skink
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Cyrtopodion kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta bedriagae,
Bedriaga's Rock Lizard [SAR]
Lacerta horvathi, Horvath's Rock Lizard
Lacerta lepida,
Ocellated Lizard
Phyllodactylus europaeus,
European Leaf-Toed Gecko
Podarcis filfolensis,
Maltese Wall Lizard
Podarcis melisellensis,
Dalmatian Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis, Wall Lizard
Podarcis raffonei,
Aeolian Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula
, Italian Wall Lizard
Podarcis tiliguerata
[SAR]
Podarcis wagleriana, Sicilian Wall Lizard [SIC]
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
 
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Coronella girondica, Southern Smooth Snake
Elaphe lineata, Italian Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situala
Hemorrhois hippocrepis
, Horseshoe Whip Snake
Hierophis gemonensis,
Balkan Whip Snake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Macroprotodon cucullatus, Hooded Snake [G, L]
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix maura,
Viperine Snake [SIC]
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Latvia Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Liechtenstein* Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle   Vipera berus, Adder
Lithuania* Triturus cristatus
Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt 
 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Luxembourg  Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Rana kl esculenta,
Edible Frog
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Macedonia Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
Triturus karelinii,
Balkan Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana graeca,
Balkan Stream Frog
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica,
Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Cyrtopodion kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Laudakia stellio,
Starred Agama
Podarcis erhardii,
Erhard's Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus, Scheltopusik
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii, Orsini's Viper
Malta None Discoglossus pictus, Painted Frog   Chalcides ocellatus, Ocellated Skink
Chamaeleo chameleon
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Podarcis filfolensis,
Maltese Wall Lizard
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Coluber algirus, Algerian Whip Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Telescopus fallax, European Cat Snake
Moldova Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Eremias arguta
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Hierophis caspius
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Monaco*     Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Lacerta bilineata, Western Green Lizard  
Montenegro Proteus anguinus, Olm 
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata,
Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana balcanica
, Greek Marsh Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana graeca, Balkan Stream Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana shquiperica, Albanian Pool Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica,
Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Algyroides nigropunctatus. Dalmatian Algyroides Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta mosorensis,
Mosor Rock Lizard
Lacerta oxycephala,
Sharp-Snouted Rock Lizard Lacerta trilineata, Balkan Green Lizard
Podarcis melisellensis,
Dalmatian Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus,
Scheltopusik
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Hierophis gemonensis,
Balkan Whip Snake Malpolon monspessulanus, Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera aspis,
Asp Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Netherlands Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander, Fire Salamander Triturus alpestris, Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana catesbiana, American Bullfrog [I]
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Norway  Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog Rana temporaria, Common Frog
None Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Poland Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus montandoni,
Montandon's Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Portugal Chioglossa lusitanica, Golden-Striped Salamander
Pleurodeles waltl,
Sharp-Ribbed Newt
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander, Fire Salamander Triturus boscai, Bosca's Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus marmoratus,
Marbled Newt
Triturus pygmaeus, Pygmy Newt
Alytes cisternasii, Iberian Midwife Toad
Alytes obstetricans,
Midwife Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Discoglossus galganoi,
West Iberian Painted Frog
Discoglossus jeannae,
East Iberian Painted Frog
Discoglossus pictus,
Painted Frog
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Hyla meridionalis,
Stripeless Tree Frog Pelobates cultripes, Western Spadefoot
Pelodytes ibericus
, Iberian Parsley Frog
Pelodytes punctatus,
Parsley Frog
Rana iberica, Iberian Frog
Rana perezi, Iberian Water Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys leprosa, Spanish Terrapin
Acanthodactylus erythrurus
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Blanus cinereus,
Iberian Worm Lizard [A]
Chalcides bedriagai,
Bedriagai's Skink Chalcides chalcides, Italian Three-Toed Skink
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta lepida,
Ocellated Lizard
Lacerta monticola,
Iberian Rock Lizard
Lacerta schreiberi,
Schreiber's Lizard
Podarcis bocagei,
Bocage's Wall Lizard
Podarcis carbonelli
, Carbonell's Wall Lizard
Podarcis dugesii,
Madeira Wall Lizard [AZM] Podarcis hispanica, Iberian Wall Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Psammodromus algirus,
Large Psammodromus
Psammodromus hispanicus,
Spanish Psammodromus
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Coronella girondica,
Southern Smooth Snake
Elaphe scalaris,
Ladder Snake
Hemorrhois hippocrepis
, Horseshoe Whipsnake Macroprotodon cucullatus, Hooded Snake
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix maura,
Viperine Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera latasti
Vipera seoanei,
Seoane's Viper
Romania  Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus montandoni,
Montandon's Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Darevskia praticola,
Meadow Lizard
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta trilineata,
Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
 
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Hierophis jugularis,
Large Whip Snake Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Russia Onychodactylus fischeri, Clawed Salamander [E]
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Salamandrella keyserlingii,
Siberian Newt
Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus karelinii,
Balkan Crested Newt
Triturus vittatus
, Banded Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina orientalis, Oriental Fire-Bellied Toad [E]
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo gargarizans
, Asiatic Toad [E?]
Bufo raddei
Bufo verrucosissimus
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Hyla japonica
[E]
Hyla ussuriensis
[E]
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Pelodytes caucasicus
Rana amurensis
[E]
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana catesbiana
, American Bullfrog [I]
Rana chensinensis
[E?]
Rana dalmatina
, Agile Frog
Rana dybowskii
Rana emeljanovii
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana nigromaculata
[E?]
Rana pirica [E?]
Rana ridibunda
, Marsh Frog
Rana rugosa [E?]
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica,
Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo horsfieldi
Pelodiscus sinensis
[E]
 
Alsophylax pipiens
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Cyrtopodion narynensis [E]
Darevskia alpina
Darevskia brauneri
Darevskia caucasica
Darevskia daghestanica
Darevskia derjugini
Darevskia praticola,
Meadow Lizard
Darevskia rudis
, Keel-Tailed Rock Lizard
Darevskia saxicola,
Caucasian Rock Lizard Eremias argus [E]
Eremias arguta,
Steppe Racerunner
Eremias brenchleyi
[E]
Eremias multiocellata
[E]
Eremias przewalskii
[E]
Eremias velox
[E]
Eumeces latiscutatus
[E]
Eumeces schneideri
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta media
, Eastern Emerald Lizard
Lacerta strigata
, Caucasian Emerald Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Laudakia caucasica Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus, Scheltopusik
Phrynocephalus guttatus
Phrynocephalus helioscopus
, Sungazing Agama
Phrynocephalus melanurus
[E]
Phrynocephalus mystaceus
Phrynocephalus strauchi
Phrynocephalus versicolor
[E]
Takydromus amurensis
[E]
Takydromus wolteri
[E]
Trapelus agilis
[E]
Trapelus sanguinolentus
[E]
Amphiesma vibakeri [E]
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coronella austriaca,
Smooth Snake
Dinodon orientale
[E]
Dinodon rufozonatum [E]
Eirenis collaris
Eirenis modestus
Elaphe climacophora
[E]
Elaphe conspicillata [E]
Elaphe dione,
Steppes Rat Snake
Elaphe hohenackeri,
Transcaucasian Rat Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quadrivirgata
[E]
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe rufodorsata
[E]
Elaphe schrencki [E]
Elaphe taeniura [E]^
Eryx jaculus, Sand Boa
Eryx miliaris
Gloydius blomhoffi
[E]
Gloydius halys
[E]
Gloydius intermedius
[E]
Gloydius saxatilis
[E]
Gloydius ussuriensis
[E]
Hierophis caspius Hierophis schmidti Hierophis spinalis
[E]
Macrovipera lebetina
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix megalocephala
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Rhabdophis tigrinus
[E]
Telescopus fallax, European Cat Snake
Typhops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera dinniki
Vipera kaznakovi
, Caucasian Viper
Vipera lotievi
Vipera nikolskii
Vipera renardi
Vipera sachalinensis
[E]
Vipera ursinii, Orsini's Viper
San Marino*   Bufo bufo, Common Toad   Lacerta bilineata, Western Green Lizard  
Serbia* Proteus anguinus, Olm 
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata,
Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo,
Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Rana balcanica
, Greek Marsh Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana graeca, Balkan Stream Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana shquiperica, Albanian Pool Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Cyrtopodion kotschyi,
Kotschyi's Gecko
Darevskia praticola,
Meadow Lizard
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera ammodytes,
Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Slovakia*
[18+14]
Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus montandoni,
Montandon's Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
   
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle   Ablepharus kitaibelii, Snake-Eyed Skink
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm  Podarcis muralis, Wall Lizard
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Slovenia Proteus anguinus, Olm
Salamandra atra,
Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt

Triturus dobrogicus, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris, Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Hyla intermedia, Italian Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana kl hispanica, Italian Hybrid Frog?
Rana latastei, Lataste's Viper, Italian Agile Frog
Rana lessonae
, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Hemidactylus turcicus,
Turkish Gecko
Lacerta viridis
Lacerta vivipara
, Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis
, Wall Lizard
Podarcis melisellensis,
Dalmatian Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus,
Scheltopusik 
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata, Four-Lined Snake
Hierophis gemonensis, Balkan Whip Snake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Malpolon monspessulanus, Montpellier Snake
Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata, Dice Snake
Telescopus fallax, European Cat Snake
Vipera ammodytes, Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
Spain Chioglossa lusitanica, Golden-Striped Salamander
Euproctus asper,
Pyrenean Brook Newt
Pleurodeles waltl,
Sharp-Ribbed Newt
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus boscai
, Bosca's Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus marmoratus,
Marbled Newt
Triturus pygmaeus, Pygmy Newt
Alytes cisternasii, Iberian Midwife Toad
Alytes dickhelleni
, Southern Midwife Toad
Alytes obstetricans,
Midwife Toad
Alytes muletensis, Majorcan Midwife Toad [BAL]
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad [BAL][I]
Discoglossus galganoi,
West Iberian Painted Frog
Discoglossus jeannae,
East Iberian Painted Frog
Discoglossus pictus,
Painted Frog
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Hyla meridionalis,
Stripeless Tree Frog Pelobates cultripes, Western Spadefoot
Pelodytes ibericus
, Iberian Parsley Frog
Pelodytes punctatus,
Parsley Frog
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana kl grafi
, Graf's Hybrid Frog
Rana iberica, Iberian Frog
Rana perezi
, Iberian Water Frog
Rana pyrenaica, Pyrenean Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys leprosa, Spanish Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Trachemys scripta
, Red-Eared Terrapin [I]
Acanthodactylus erythrurus
Algyroides marchi,
Spanish Algyroides
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Blanus cinereus,
Iberian Worm Lizard [A]
Chalcides bedriagai,
Bedriagai's Skink Chalcides chalcides, Italian Three-Toed Skink
Chalcides sexlineatus,
Gran Canaria Skink [CAN]
Chalcides viridianus,
West Canary Skink [CAN]
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Gallotia atlantica
, Atlantic Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia caesaris, Hierro Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia galloti, Canary Island Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia gomerana
, Gomeran Giant Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia intermedia
, Tenerife Giant Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia stehlini
, Gran Canaria Giant Lizard [CAN]
Gallotia simonyi
, El Hierro Giant Lizard [CAN] Hemidactylus turcicus, Turkish Gecko
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta aranica, Aran Rock Lizard
Lacerta aurelioi, Aurelio's Rock Lizard
Lacerta bonnali, Pyrenean Rock Lizard
Lacerta lepida,
Ocellated Lizard
Lacerta monticola,
Iberian Rock Lizard
Lacerta schreiberi,
Schreiber's Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis atrata
, Columbretes Wall Lizard
Podarcis bocagei,
Bocage's Wall Lizard
Podarcis carbonelli
, Carbonell's Wall Lizard
Podarcis dugesii,
Madeira Wall Lizard [AZM] Podarcis hispanica, Iberian Wall Lizard
Podarcis lilfordi, Lilford's Wall Lizard
[BAL]
Podarcis muralis, Wall Lizard
Podarcis perspicillata,
Moroccan Wall Lizard, Madeira Wall Lizard [BAL]
Podarcis pityusensis, Ibiza Wall Lizard [BAL]
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard [BAL]
Psammodromus algirus,
Large Psammodromus
Psammodromus hispanicus,
Spanish Psammodromus
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Coronella girondica,
Southern Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe scalaris,
Ladder Snake
Hemorrhois hippocrepis
, Horseshoe Whipsnake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Macroprotodon cucullatus, Hooded Snake
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix maura,
Viperine Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera latasti
Vipera seoanei,
Seoane's Viper
Sweden  Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
None Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis, Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder
Switzerland Salamandra atra, Alpine Salamander
Salamandra salamandra,
Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus carnifex
, Italian Crested Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Alytes obstetricans, Midwife Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea, Common Tree Frog
Hyla meridionalis,
Stripeless Tree Frog Pelobates cultripes, Western Spadefoot Pelobates fuscus, Common Spadefoot
Pelodytes punctatus,
Parsley Frog Rana arvalis, Moor Frog
Rana dalmatina
, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana iberica, Iberian Frog
Rana latastei, Lataste's Viper, Italian Agile Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle  Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis,
Sand Lizard
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Hierophis viridiflavus,
Western Whip Snake Natrix maura, Viperine Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera aspis, Asp Viper
Vipera berus,
Adder
Turkey* Mertensiella caucasica, Luschan's Salamander Mertensiella luschani, Luschan's Salamander
Neurergus crocatus
Neurergus strauchii
Salamandra infraimmaculata
, Turkish Fire Salamander
Triturus cristatus, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus karelinii,
Balkan Crested Newt
Triturus vittatus
, Banded Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
 
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo verrucosissimus
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Hyla savignyi, Turkish Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Pelobates syriacus,
Eastern Spadefoot
Pelodytes caucasicus
, Caucasian Parsley Frog
Rana bedriagae
, Levant Water Frog
Rana camerani
Rana dalmatina,
Agile Frog
Rana holtzi
Rana macrocnemis
, Long-Legged Wood Frog Rana ridibunda, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
 
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Mauremys caspica, Caspian Terrapin
Mauremys rivulata,
Balkan Terrapin
Testudo graeca
, Spur-Thighed Tortoise
Testudo hermanni,
Hermann's Tortoise
Rafetus euphraticus, Euphrates Soft-Shelled Turtle
Trionyx triunguis, Nile Soft-Shelled Turtle
Ablepharus bivittatus, Two-Lined Skink
Ablepharus chernovi,
Chernov's Skink
Ablepharus kitaibelii,
Snake-Eyed Skink
Acanthodactylus boskianus
, Bosc's Fringe-Toed Lizard
Acanthodactylus schreiberi
, Schreiber's Fringe-Toed Lizard
Asaccus elisae
, Werner's Leaf-Toed Gecko
Anguis fragilis,
Slowworm
Blanus strauchi,
Anatolian Worm Lizard [A]
Chalcides ocellatus, Ocellated Skink
Chamaeleo chamaeleon,
Common Chameleon
Cyrtodactylus basogliu,
Basoglu's Gecko Cyrtopodion heterocercus Cyrtopodion kotschyi, Kotschyi's Gecko
Cyrtopodion scabrum,
Rough-Tailed Gecko
Darevskia armeniaca
, Armenian Rock Lizard Darevskia bendimahiensis, Van Lake Lizard
Darevskia brauneri
, Braun's Rock Lizard
Darevskia clarkorum, Clark's Rock Lizard
Darevskia derjugini, Artvin Rock Lizard
Darevskia mixta, Adshari Rock Lizard
Darevskia parvula
, Small Rock Lizard
Darevskia praticola,
Meadow Lizard
Darevskia raddei,
Azeri Rock Lizard
Darevskia rudis,
Keel-Tailed Rock Lizard
Darevskia sapphirina,
Blue Rock Lizard
Darevskia saxicola,
Caucasian Rock Lizard Darevskia unisexualis, White-Bellied Rock Lizard
Darevskia uzzelli,
Uzzell's Rock Lizard
Darevskia valentini, Valentine's Rock Lizard Eremias arguta, Steppe Racerunner
Eremias pleskei
, Pleski's Racerunner
Eremias strauchi
, Strauch's Racerunner
Eremias suphani
, Basoglu's Racerunner Eublepharis angramainyu, Iranian Fat-Tailed Gecko Hemidactylus turcicus, Turkish Gecko
Lacerta anatolica
, Anatolian Rock Lizard [AEG]
Lacerta cappodocica, Cappodocian Rock Lizard
Lacerta cyanisparsa, Sparse Blue Lizard
Lacerta danfordi, Danford's Lizard
Lacerta dryada, Dryad Lizard
Lacerta graeca
, Greek Rock Lizard
Lacerta laevis, Lebanese Lizard
Lacerta media
, Eastern Emerald Lizard
Lacerta oertzeni
Lacerta pamphylica
, Pamphylian Lizard
Lacerta strigata
, Caucasian Emerald Lizard
Lacerta trilineata,
Balkan Green Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Laudakia caucasica,
Caucasian Agama
Laudakia stellio,
Starred Agama
Mabuya aurata,
Levant Skink
Mabuya vittata, Bridled Mabuya
Novoeumeces schneideri
, Schneider's Skink
Ophisops elegans
, Snake-Eyed Lizard
Ophiomorus punctatissimus,
Limbless Skink
Parvilacerta parva
, Dwarf Lizard
Phrynocephalus helioscopus
, Sungazing Agama
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard
Podarcis sicula,
Italian Wall Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus, Scheltopusik
Stenodactylus grandiceps,
Jordanian Short-Fingered Gecko
Tarentola mauritanica,
Moorish Gecko
Timon princeps, Zagrosian Lizard
Trapelus ruderatus
Varanus griseus
, Desert Monitor
Coluber najadum, Dahl's Whip Snake
Coluber rubriceps
, Reddish Whip Snake
Coluber ventromaculatus,
Hardwicke's Rat Snake Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake 
Eirenis aurolineatus
Eirenis barani, Baran Dwarf Racer
Eirenis collaris
, Collared Dwarf Racer
Eirenis coronella
, Crowned Dwarf Racer
Eirenis decemlineata
, Ten-Lined Dwarf Racer
Eirenis eiselti
, Eiselt's Dwarf Racer
Eirenis hakkariensis

Eirenis levantinus
Eirenis lineomaculatus
Eirenis modestus
, Asia Minor Dwarf Racer
Eirenis persicus
, Dark-Headed Dwarf Racer
Eirenis punctatolineatus
, Dotted Dwarf Racer
Eirenis rothi
, Roth's Dwarf Racer
Eirenis thospitis
Elaphe hohenackeri,
Transcaucasian Rat Snake
Elaphe longissima,
Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe sauromates, Eastern Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Eryx jaculus,
Sand Boa
Hemorrhois nummifer
, Coin Snake
Hemorrhois ravergieri
, Spotted Whipsnake
Hierophis caspius, Large Whip Snake Hierophis jugularis, Large Whip Snake Hierophis schmidti Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus, Long-Nosed Worm Snake
Rhinotyphlops episcopus
Macrovipera lebetina
, Levantine Viper
Malpolon monspessulanus,
Montpellier Snake
Natrix megalocephala,
Big-Headed European Grass Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Pseudocerastes persicus
, Persian Horned Viper?
Rhynchocephalus melanocephalus
, Black-Headed Racer
Spalerosophis diadema
, Diadem Snake
Telescopus fallax,
European Cat Snake
Typhlops vermicularis,
Worm Snake
Vipera albizona
, Anatolian Viper
Vipera barani, Turkish Viper
Vipera ammodytes, Nose-Horned Viper
Vipera darevskii, Darevski's Viper
Vipera eriwanensis, Erevan Viper
Vipera kaznakovi, Caucasian Viper
Vipera palaestinae
, Palestinian Viper
Vipera pontica, Black Sea Viper
Vipera raddei
, Radde's Viper
Vipera trancaucasiana, Transcaucasian Viper
Vipera ursinii, Orsini's Viper
Vipera wagneri, Wagner's Viper
Vipera xanthina, Ottoman Viper
Ukraine Salamandra salamandra, Fire Salamander
Triturus alpestris,
Alpine Newt
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus dobrogicus
, Danube Crested Newt
Triturus karelinii,
Balkan Crested Newt
Triturus montandoni,
Montandon's Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt
Bombina bombina, Fire-Bellied Toad
Bombina variegata, Yellow-Bellied Toad
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Bufo viridis,
Green Toad
Hyla arborea,
Common Tree Frog
Pelobates fuscus
, Common Spadefoot
Rana arvalis
, Moor Frog
Rana camerani
Rana dalmatina
, Agile Frog
Rana esculenta, Edible Frog
Rana lessonae, Pool Frog
Rana macrocnemis
, Long-Legged Wood Frog
Rana ridibunda
, Marsh Frog
Rana temporaria, Common Frog
Emys orbicularis, European Pond Turtle
Testudo graeca, Spur-Thighed Tortoise 
Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Cyrtopodion kotschyi, Kotschyi's Gecko
Darevskia armeniaca
, Armenian Rock Lizard [I]
Darevskia brauneri
, Braun's Rock Lizard
Darevskia lindholmi
, Lindholm's Rock Lizard
Darevskia saxicola,
Caucasian Rock Lizard Eremias arguta
Lacerta vivipara,
Common Lizard
Lacerta viridis,
Green Lizard
Podarcis taurica,
Balkan Wall Lizard
Pseudopus apodus, Scheltopusik
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Elaphe dione, Steppes Rat Snake
Elaphe longissima, Aesculapian Rat Snake
Elaphe quatorlineata,
Four-Lined Snake
Elaphe sauromates
Elaphe situla,
Leopard Snake
Hierophis caspius Natrix natrix, Grass Snake
Natrix tessellata,
Dice Snake
Vipera nikolskii
Vipera renardi
Vipera ursinii,
Orsini's Viper
United Kingdom  Triturus alpestris, Alpine Newt [I]
Triturus carnifex
[I]
Triturus cristatus
, Northern Crested Newt
Triturus helveticus,
Palmate Newt
Triturus vulgaris,
Common Newt 
 
Bufo bufo, Common Toad
Bufo calamita,
Natterjack Toad
Rana bedriagae, Levant Water Frog [I]?
Rana catesbiana, American Bullfrog [I]
Rana kl esculenta, Edible Frog [I]
Rana lessonae,
Pool Frog [I]
Rana ridibunda,
Marsh Frog [I]
Rana temporaria,
Common Frog
Trachemys scripta, Red-Eared Terrapin [I] Anguis fragilis, Slowworm
Lacerta agilis, Sand Lizard
Lacerta viridis, Green Lizard [CH]
Lacerta vivipara, Common Lizard
Podarcis muralis,
Wall Lizard [CH]
Coronella austriaca, Smooth Snake
Natrix natrix,
Grass Snake
Vipera berus,
Adder

Notes

  1. Hierophis jugularis may be synonymous with Hierophis caspius over much of the range listed here, so should be regarded as H. caspius. This does not however apply to Greece or Turkey. I am still seeking clarification.
  2. The amphibian lists for Montenegro and Serbia were taken from , which currently treats both countries as a single unit (reasonably so, since Montenegro has only recently voted for independence). Therefore there may be a few cases where a species listed in either country may not in fact be present.

Bibliography

Die Amphibien Europas, Andreas and Christel Nöllert, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1992. Outstanding nature guide to every species of amphibian found in Europe.

Collins Field Guide to Reptiles & Amphibians of Britain & Europe, E N Arnold, J A Burton and D W Ovenden, HarperCollins, London 1978. For years this has been an invaluable guide to the English speaker, although a few of the taxonomic details were in need of revision. This was finally accomplished with the revised edition of 2002/4.

Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas [Amphibians and Reptiles of Europe], Dr Wolf-Eberhard Engelmann, Jürgen Fritzsche, Dr sc. Rainer Günther and Dipl.Biol. Fritz Jürgen Obst, Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 1986. A German-language equivalent but with a rather wider definition of Europe which includes the Transcaucasus, and useful details on the distribution of subspecies. Now apparently out of print.

Guia de campo de los anfibios y reptiles de la peninsula iberica, islas baleares y canarias [Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands], Alfredo Salvador, Madrid. ISBN: 84-86238-07-2. Excellent book covering all reptiles and amphibians in the aforementioned areas. The one drawback for English speakers is that the text is Spanish. This book is unfortunately now out of print, but well worth purchasing if you can get a second hand copy.

Links

EMBL reptile database, maintained by Peter Uetz and colleagues

Frost, Darrel R, 2004. Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference, version 3.0.

Both the above databases were invaluable in checking data for individual countries, particularly those in Eastern Europe and Turkey.

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